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Cochlear implants and vaccination

CDC guidance on preventing meningitis in cochlear implant users — timing, vaccine types, and age-specific recommendations.

Content added: FEBRUARY 13, 2026

Last updated: JUNE 04, 2026

Overview

Meningitis is an inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord. People with cochlear implants are at increased risk for certain types of bacterial meningitis. Vaccines can help prevent this serious infection. The CDC provides specific recommendations for people with cochlear implants to ensure optimal protection.

Leading causes of bacterial meningitis

  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcal meningitis)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal meningitis)

General vaccination for hearing loss

The CDC does not have special vaccination recommendations for people with hearing loss. Schedules are the same as for those without hearing loss, based on age and health conditions.

Pneumococcal vaccination

  • Children younger than 2 years with cochlear implants: Should receive PCV13 or PCV15 as per the Childhood Immunization Schedule.
  • Older children who missed infant vaccinations: May need PCV13 or PCV15.
  • Children 2 years or older: Should also receive PPSV23.
  • Timing: All recommended pneumococcal shots should be given at least 2 weeks before cochlear implant surgery. No extra shots if already up to date.
  • Adults with cochlear implants: If never vaccinated, receive one shot of PCV15 or PCV20; if PCV15 is used, follow with PPSV23. Give shots at least 2 weeks before surgery.
  • History of pneumococcal meningitis: Follow CDC pneumococcal vaccination guidance.

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)

  • Children younger than 5 years: Receive Hib vaccines per the Childhood Immunization Schedule.
  • Timing: Hib vaccinations should be up to date at least 2 weeks before surgery.
  • Children with past Hib meningitis: May need additional shots depending on current age if meningitis occurred before age 2; not needed if at age 2 or older.
  • Older children and adults: CDC does not recommend Hib vaccination specifically for cochlear implants in these groups — data do not support increased risk.

Meningococcal vaccination

  • Preteens and teens: Should receive MenACWY per the Preteen/Teen Immunization Schedule; teens may also receive MenB.
  • Younger children and adults: CDC does not recommend meningococcal vaccination specifically for cochlear implants in these groups.

Key points

  • Vaccination is crucial for people with cochlear implants to prevent meningitis.
  • Recommended vaccines include pneumococcal, Hib (young children), and meningococcal (preteens/teens).
  • Administer vaccines at least two weeks before cochlear implant surgery when possible.
  • No additional vaccines are needed for hearing loss alone unless indicated by age or health status.

Cochlear implants — reference PDF

References